Enhancing One Health capacities is not only about preparing for the next pandemic. It is about building a resilient society where food is safe, water is clean, antibiotics remain effective, wildlife and ecosystems are protected, and communities are informed and engaged. In short, it is about safeguarding the well-being of current and future generations. By institutionalising the One Health approach, South Africa is strengthening its health systems in a way that reflects reality: human health does not stand alone. It is deeply intertwined with the health of animals and the environment. Investing in One Health capacities is therefore not optional; it is essential for a safer, more sustainable future. Why does One Health matter? Early detection saves lives. The framework emphasises integrated surveillance systems that connect human, animal and environmental data. For example: human disease notifications are linked with veterinary reporting systems; laboratory networks support rapid diagnostics and genomic analysis; and environmental monitoring informs risk forecasting for vector-borne diseases. When data flows across sectors, warning signs are recognised sooner, and action can be taken before outbreaks escalate. Integrated surveillance and laboratories Tackling root causes, not just symptoms Enhancing One Health capacities also means addressing the upstream drivers of disease which includes biodiversity loss, climate change, unsafe food systems and inappropriate antimicrobial use By integrating environmental health and ecosystem protection into health planning, South Africa acknowledges that healthy ecosystems are not a luxury – they are a cornerstone of health security. Importantly, the framework does not create parallel systems. Instead, it aligns and strengthens existing programmes – such as rabies control, antimicrobial resistance strategies, food safety systems, and the National Action Plan for Health Security – through better coordination and shared priorities. Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms ensure accountability and continuous improvement. Action Track 1, enhancing one health capacities to strengthen health systems, deals largely with the governance approach. It focuses on dismantling existing barriers caused by professional and sectoral segregation and encourages a broader engagement Sustainable financing and accountability of people with different expertise to bridge disciplinary and sectoral knowledge. This action track is overarching and aims to strengthen One Health collaborative capacity to support global, regional and national One Health coordination; and create enabling environments for One Health operationalisation. Investing in One Health capacities is essential for a safer, more sustainable future. 06 Read more about the author: Wayne Ramkrishna
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